Turkey

An expansion and redesign of the career guidance services is recommended and a coherent national system should be developed, including adult guidance. The current services must be better aligned and coordinated. Career guidance needs to start at an earlier stage and should also be embedded in the curriculum, with an emphasis on career management skills.

Clear and realistic targets for apprenticeships should be set and additional measures are needed to boost apprenticeship supply. The existing quality challenges of traineeships in VET should be addressed immediately, drawing upon the recently proposed Quality Improvement Plan for traineeships in IVET.

Further research, analysis and more frequent monitoring is needed with regard to the large horizontal skills mismatch of VET graduates, including comparison with graduates from apprenticeships and general and higher education.

Current VET fields and branches should be reviewed to ascertain whether they correspond to current and anticipated labour market needs.

The two systems of IVET and CVET should not remain separate but should be more closely linked, or even dovetailed. Such a concept could offer people new and attractive career perspectives, as well as making VET more attractive.

A more systematic approach could start in key sectors of the economy as well as in the fields which suffer most from the traditional VET image problem.

Cooperation and coordination both within organisations (e.g. MoNE) and among organisations (e.g. various ministries, providers such as PEC and LLL Centres, universities and employer organisations) need to be enhanced. The role of the National LLL Council and the National Adult Learning Coordinator should be reviewed.