Ukraine

Integrate general and vocational education at upper secondary level by deploying qualified teachers who work in general education to also teach learners in VET trajectories.

Abolish the Soviet legacy of separating the teaching of theory by VET teachers (in the case of special subjects) and the provision of instruction by practical trainers or instructors. Integrate theory and practice into the teaching profession as it is increasingly essential in competence-based skills development.

Review the competence requirements of modern VET teachers by rewarding their work and practical experience in the workplace or in industry (at least three years) and making it compulsory.

Develop a (short-cycle) pedagogical programme that will enable professionals to qualify as VET teachers with attractive remuneration, career prospects and associated social status. Facilitate skilled professionals in obtaining their VET teacher qualification through distance and on-the-job training schemes while working in VET institutions.

Harmonise provision at upper secondary level after 9th grade by horizontally amalgamating secondary VET and general secondary (academic) education.

Ensure attractive pathways to both academic and vocational tracks without institutional barriers in line with the New Ukrainian School concept.

Rename the providers, particularly the VET providers, to get rid of the negative connotations of old-fashioned types and names of VET schools and institutions. For example, several post-Soviet countries have renamed or plan to name providers as (vocational) colleges that can combine VET programmes at different levels.

Develop an alternative matriculation exam or admission route to replace the academically biased EIT as an obligation for VET graduates to attain full secondary education and allow them to enrol in higher education.

Develop a roadmap for the harmonisation of VET and general education reform at upper secondary level with the support of the development partners, namely the EU and the World Bank.

Increase the autonomy of providers and incentivise them to provide lifelong learning courses.

Build on and enhance the existing capacity of teachers and providers as a whole to train and attract adult learners.

Integrate VET provision gradually for young people and adults by recognising prior learning, creating individual learning trajectories and modularising new VET qualifications while allowing partial qualifications.