Key policy developments in education, training and employment – Israel 2023

Israel entered the pandemic with a strong economy, marked by low unemployment and a thriving high-tech sector. While the country recovered relatively well, the rebound has been uneven, with widening inequalities and significant wage gaps between high-tech and other industries. Proposed judicial reforms have stirred economic uncertainty, weakening investor confidence and affecting currency stability. In response to COVID-19, the education system adapted quickly, yet deeper reforms are still needed to equip underrepresented groups, such as the Haredi and Arab-Israelis, with market-relevant skills. Despite internal challenges, Israel maintains robust international cooperation, particularly through the Erasmus+ programme, where it plays a leading role in educational exchange and development.