The ETF assessment has provided an overview and analysis of selected challenges for human capital development and its use in Armenia. It has offered recommendations on how education and training can help address them.

Several elements must be included in the solution of the problems facing the country's labour market: investment, innovation in the development and implementation of policies, and a focus on improving the quality of employment, particularly in the informal sector. Accelerated progress is possible. It could be fuelled in part through better integration of employment and education polices.

Huge challenges plus limited resources equal doing a lot with a little. As a consequence, a broader perspective on skills formation is needed, one that is not limited only to formal training. Continuing education and training and flexible programmes for informal workers, for instance, must be part of the mix. Program administrators must shift from coordination and management towards support for practitioners in the field.

Authorities and stakeholders in Armenia are aware of the challenges and have put in place plans for improvement. Many rely on cooperation and partnerships that include different sectors of the economy and the public sector. There are sundry ways to achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness.

The Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs is testing an integrated service model (ISM) that could prove useful because it links the delivery of government services with individual needs and local contexts. It also opens the door to supplementary services provided by NGOs. The ISM effectively operates as a service platform. It could be adapted for use in education in partnership with local authorities, regional college centres and the private sector.