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  • POLICIES FOR HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN AZERBAIJAN

POLICIES FOR HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN AZERBAIJAN

An ETF Torino Process assessment

Azerbaijan
Tipas
TRP assessment report
Authors
Abdelaziz Jaouani, Margareta Nikolovska, Mihaylo Milovanovitch and Susanne Nielsen, ETF experts
Metai
2020
Full report

pdfen

Executive summary

pdfen

PREAMBLE

The European Training Foundation (ETF) assessment provides an external, forward-looking analysis of the country's human capital development issues and VET policy responses in a lifelong learning perspective. It identifies challenges related to education and training policy and practice that hinder the development and use of human capital. It takes stock of these challenges and puts forward recommendations on possible solutions to address them.

These assessments are a key deliverable of the Torino Process, an initiative launched by the ETF in 2010 aimed at providing a periodic review of vocational education and training) systems in the wider context of human capital development and inclusive economic growth. In providing a high-quality assessment of VET policy from a lifelong learning perspective, the process builds on four key principles: ownership, participation, holistic and evidence-based analysis.

Human capital, in this context, is understood as knowledge, skills, talents and abilities that further people's economic, social and personal development. The purpose of the assessments is to provide a reliable source of information for planning and monitoring national education and training policies for human capital development, as well as for programming and policy dialogue in support of these policies by the European Union and other donors.

The ETF assessments rely on evidence from the countries collected through a standardised reporting template (national reporting framework – NRF) through a participatory process involving a wide variety of actors with a high degree of ownership by the country. The findings and recommendations of the ETF assessment have been shared and discussed with national authorities and beneficiaries.

The assessment report starts with a brief description of Azerbaijan's strategic plans and national policy priorities (Chapter 1). It then presents an overview of issues related to the development and use of human capital in the country (Chapter 2), before moving on to an in-depth discussion of problems in this area, which in the view of the ETF require immediate attention (Chapter 3). Chapter 4 provides the overall conclusions of the analysis.

The annexes provide additional information: a summary of the recommendations in the report (Annex 1), an overview of the education and training system of Azerbaijan (Annex 2).The National Torino Process Report compiled by the country itself can be found here: https://openspace.etf.europa.eu/trp/torino-process-2018-2020-azerbaijan-national-report.

Next Chapter

Table of Contents

  • PREAMBLE
  • EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
    • Context
    • Findings on human capital
    • Recommendations for action
      • Resolving the problem of skills shortages due to low participation in VET
        • Recommendation 1 – Improve the attractiveness of VET by prioritising it in all investments in human capital development
        • Recommendation 2 – Improve the relevance of VET for human capital development through further private sector engagement
        • Recommendation 3 – Raise the quality of skills provision by improving the conditions of professional staff working in VET
        • Recommendation 4 – Reinforce evidence-based policy-making for more targeted skills policy development
      • Prevent the waste of human capital due to youth unemployment
        • Recommendation 5 – Introduce services and training offers in support of labour market participation which are more youth-friendly
        • Recommendation 6 – Strengthen the quality and relevance of early career guidance in secondary education and VET in particular
      • Expand the human capital development opportunities for adults
        • Recommendation 7 – Prioritise the expansion of adult education opportunities and the collection of evidence on participation in adult education
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
    • 1.1 About this assessment
    • 1.2 Country overview
    • 1.3 Strategic context
  • 2. HUMAN CAPITAL: DEVELOPMENT AND CHALLENGES
    • 2.1 Human capital development indicators
    • 2.2 Human capital in the context of demographic challenges
      • High share of young people in the working-age population
      • Rural–urban migration and skills challenges in the competitive labour market
      • VET institutions and internally displaced persons
      • Migration of human capital
    • 2.3 Human capital in the context of the changing world of work
      • Unemployment rate is one of the lowest in the EaP
      • Youth unemployment much higher than overall unemployment
      • Skills mismatch affects young people and adults
    • 2.4 Human capital and education and training
      • Improved educational attainment levels
      • Very low participation in VET programmes
      • Human capital from early childhood to higher education and onwards
      • Results of PISA 2018 and PIRLS 2016
      • Funding of education, research and VET
      • Summary
  • 3. ASSESSMENT OF KEY ISSUES AND POLICY RESPONSES
    • 3.1 Resolving the problem of skills shortages due to low participation in VET
      • 3.1.1 Measuring what matters
      • 3.1.2 Mix of policy responses
        • Renewal of the regulatory framework and investment in infrastructure
        • Reviewing VET curricula and coping with teacher and staff training policies
        • Promoting access and participation for all
        • Policy measures to strengthen coordination mechanisms
        • Policy measures to change financial mechanisms
      • 3.1.3 Recommendations
        • R1: Improve the attractiveness of VET by prioritising it in all investments in human capital development
        • R2: Improve the relevance of VET for human capital development through further engagement of the private sector
        • R3: Raise the quality of skills provision by improving the conditions of professional staff working in VET
        • R4: Reinforce evidence-based policy-making for more targeted skills policy development
    • 3.2 Prevent the waste of human capital due to youth unemployment
      • 3.2.1 Measuring what matters
      • 3.2.2 Mix of policy responses in place
        • National targets and policies to reduce the proportion of NEETs
        • Career guidance for young people as one of the key policy measures
        • Policies to improve participation of young people in higher education programmes
      • 3.2.3 Recommendations
        • R5: Introduce services and training offers in support of labour market participation which are more youth-friendly
        • R6: Strengthen the quality and relevance of early career guidance in secondary education and VET in particular
    • 3.3 Expand the human capital development opportunities for adults
      • 3.3.1 Measuring what matters
      • 3.3.2 Mix of policy responses in place
        • Skills matter for self-employment
        • Promotion of continuing VET and adult learning
        • Measures for validation of competences acquired through non-formal and informal learning
        • AzNQF and occupational standards
        • Policies to enhance entrepreneurial skills
      • 3.3.3 Recommendations
        • R7: Prioritise the expansion of adult education opportunities and the collection of evidence on participation in adult education
  • 4. CONCLUSIONS
  • USEFUL WEBSITE RESOURCES FOR UP-TO-DATE STATISTICS
  • ACRONYMS
  • REFERENCES
  • Summary of recommendations
  • The education and training system of Azerbaijan
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The European Training Foundation is a European Union agency that helps transition and developing countries harness the potential of their human capital through the reform of education, training and labour market systems, and in the context of the EU's external relations policy. Based in Turin, Italy, the ETF has been operational since 1994.
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